I recently observed a teacher dealing with a student after disciplining him. He and another boy had spoken out at a time when the teacher needed silence and after she had explicitly warned that any child speaking out would be disciplined.
After the discipline had been administered, she spoke to the student and set up a system whereby the student would receive recognition on a chart for each day he had been able to control himself by not speaking out. This will work better for some than for others. Some children will live and die for a smiley-face or a gold star, but others could care less. So know your children and what works best for each.